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#columns:word	meaning	example
# academic (NAWL): 954 kelime
# alfabetik
# Browne, C., Culligan, B. and Phillips, J. New Academic Word List, CC BY-SA 4.0
abdominal	腹部の	The doctor checked her for abdominal pain.
absorb	吸収する	The towel can absorb a lot of water quickly.
absorption	吸収	Plants need water for the absorption of minerals.
accelerate	加速する	The car began to accelerate as the road opened up.
acceleration	加速、加速度	The acceleration of the train pushed us back in our seats.
accent	なまり、アクセント	She speaks English with a strong French accent.
accumulate	蓄積する	Dust began to accumulate on the shelves we never cleaned.
accumulation	蓄積	A thick accumulation of snow blocked the front door.
accuracy	正確さ	The report was praised for its accuracy and detail.
accurately	正確に	The map shows the route accurately for hikers.
acid	酸	The scientist handled the acid carefully in the lab.
acidic	酸性の	The soil here is too acidic for most vegetables.
activate	作動させる	You need a code to activate the new card.
actively	積極的に	She is actively looking for a new job right now.
acute	急性の、鋭い	The doctor treated her for acute back pain.
adaptation	適応、脚色	The film is an adaptation of a famous novel.
adaptive	適応的な	The car has an adaptive system that adjusts the lights.
adjacent	隣接した	Our office is adjacent to the train station.
admission	入場許可、告白	Admission to the museum is free on Sundays.
adolescent	青少年	The book was written for adolescents aged twelve to sixteen.
adverse	不利な	The medicine can cause adverse effects in rare cases.
aerosol	エアゾール、噴霧	The paint comes in an aerosol can.
aesthetic	美的な	They redesigned the lobby for aesthetic reasons.
affirm	断言する、確認する	The manager affirmed that the project would continue.
afterward	後で	We had dinner and went to the cinema afterward.
aggregate	総計、集合体	The aggregate of all the votes showed a clear winner.
agriculture	農業	Agriculture remains the main industry in this small country.
airplane	飛行機	The airplane landed at the airport.
algebra	代数	We used algebra to find the value of x.
algorithm	アルゴリズム	The search engine uses a new algorithm to rank pages.
alien	宇宙人、外国人	The film is about an alien who lands in a small town.
alliance	同盟	The two nations formed an alliance during the war.
allocate	割り当てる	The city will allocate more money to public parks.
allocation	割り当て、配分	The allocation of funds to each school was announced today.
altitude	高度	The plane cruised at a high altitude over the mountains.
aluminum	アルミニウム	The can is made from recycled aluminum.
amino	アミノの	Protein in our food is built from amino acids.
amongst	の中で	The old letter was found amongst her grandmother's belongings.
amplitude	振幅	The amplitude of the wave grew during the storm.
analogy	類推、比喩	The teacher used a simple analogy to explain gravity.
ancestor	祖先	My ancestor moved to this country long ago.
anthropology	人類学	She majored in anthropology at university.
anti	反対の	He wore an anti war badge on his jacket.
antibiotic	抗生物質	The doctor gave her an antibiotic for the infection.
antibody	抗体	The test looks for a specific antibody in the blood.
antiquity	古代	The museum displays pottery from classical antiquity.
appendix	付録	The full data appears in the appendix of the report.
applause	拍手	Loud applause filled the theater after the final scene.
apple	リンゴ	She ate a red apple for a snack.
approximate	おおよその	Give me an approximate time when the package will arrive.
approximation	近似、概算	The number is only an approximation of the real total.
arbitrary	任意の、勝手な	The choice of colors felt arbitrary rather than planned.
archaeology	考古学	She studies archaeology and works at ancient sites.
architect	建築家	The architect designed a modern glass office tower.
array	並び、多数	The shop offers a wide array of fresh fruit.
arrow	矢、矢印	Follow the arrow on the sign to find the exit.
articulate	はっきりと表現する	She struggled to articulate exactly how she felt.
artifact	遺物、人工物	Archaeologists uncovered a rare artifact from the ancient city.
artificial	人工の	The flowers on the table are artificial, not real.
artistic	芸術的な	Her artistic talent was obvious from a very young age.
artwork	美術作品	The children hung their artwork on the classroom wall.
aspect	側面	Safety is an important aspect of the new design.
assembly	集会、組み立て	The whole school gathered for the morning assembly.
assert	主張する	She firmly asserted her right to speak during the meeting.
assignment	課題	Students must submit the assignment by Friday afternoon.
athletic	運動能力のある	He has an athletic build from years of training.
atom	原子	An atom is the smallest part of matter.
atomic	原子の	The country built its first atomic power plant decades ago.
auction	競売、オークション	The painting sold for a high price at the auction.
audio	音声の	The lesson comes with an audio recording.
audit	監査	The company faced a full audit after the complaint.
authority	権威、当局	The manager has the authority to approve new hires.
autonomy	自治、自律	The region was given greater autonomy last year.
availability	利用可能性	Check room availability before booking your trip.
axiom	公理	It is an axiom of economics that demand affects price.
axis	軸	The Earth spins on its axis once every day.
backward	後方に	She glanced backward to check if anyone was following.
bacteria	細菌、バクテリア	Hot water and soap kill most bacteria.
bacterial	細菌の	The doctor said it was a bacterial infection.
bang	バタンという音	The door closed with a loud bang in the wind.
bargain	掘り出し物	I found a real bargain at the sale today.
barrel	樽	The wine was aged for years in an oak barrel.
basin	洗面器、流域	She filled the basin with warm water to wash dishes.
bat	バット、コウモリ	He hit the ball with a bat.
beam	光線、梁	A beam of sunlight came through the kitchen window.
behavioral	行動の	The class helps children with behavioral problems.
bilingual	二か国語の	Their children are raised bilingual, speaking English and Spanish.
binary	二進の、二者の	Computers store all data in binary form.
biodiversity	生物多様性	The old forest is rich in biodiversity.
biologist	生物学者	The biologist studies fish in the cold lake.
biology	生物学	We are learning about cells in biology class today.
bizarre	奇妙な	They told a bizarre story about lights in the sky.
blank	空白の	Please leave this line blank.
bleed	出血する	His knee began to bleed after the bicycle fell.
bodily	身体の	The doctor checked her bodily functions.
bonus	ボーナス	She received a bonus for her great work.
bound	きっと、向かっている	The delayed train is bound for the central station.
bracket	ブラケット	The shelf is held up by a metal bracket.
breakdown	故障、崩壊	The train delay was caused by a mechanical breakdown.
broadly	概して	Broadly speaking, the plan received support from most staff.
bubble	泡	The children laughed as they blew soap bubbles outside.
bucket	バケツ	He filled the bucket with water.
bulk	大部分、かさ	The bulk of the work is already finished.
bullet	弾丸	The bullet hit the wall and left a mark.
bundle	束、包み	She carried a bundle of old newspapers to the bin.
calcium	カルシウム	Milk and cheese are rich in calcium.
calculation	計算	His calculation of the total was wrong by ten dollars.
calculator	電卓	She used a calculator to check her math homework quickly.
calculus	微積分	He studies calculus in his first university year.
campus	キャンパス	There is a big library on the university campus.
capillary	毛細血管	Blood moves slowly through each tiny capillary.
capitalism	資本主義	Under capitalism, most companies are privately owned.
capitalist	資本主義の	Most capitalist countries rely on free markets.
carrier	運送業者、保菌者	The airline is the country's main carrier for cargo.
cattle	牛、家畜	The farmer moved his cattle to a fresh pasture.
censor	検閲する	The government censored parts of the newspaper.
characterization	人物描写	The novel is praised for its rich characterization.
cheat	ずるをする	He was caught trying to cheat on the final exam.
cheers	乾杯	Cheers, everyone, and happy new year!
chemistry	化学	She studies chemistry at the university every afternoon.
chemotherapy	化学療法	She started chemotherapy treatment right after the diagnosis.
chess	チェス	My grandfather taught me how to play chess.
chloride	塩化物	Table salt is sodium chloride.
chromosome	染色体	Each human cell has forty six chromosomes.
chronic	慢性の	She takes medicine for a chronic illness.
chunk	塊、一部	He tore off a large chunk of bread for the soup.
cinema	映画館	We watched a new film at the cinema.
circa	およそ、頃	The old church was built circa 1500.
circulate	循環する、広まる	Rumors began to circulate about the company's closure.
circulation	循環、発行部数	Exercise improves blood circulation throughout the body.
civilization	文明	Historians study how ancient civilization shaped modern culture.
clarify	明確にする	Could you clarify what you meant by that comment?
classification	分類	The scientist proposed a new classification for the insect species.
classify	分類する	Scientists classify animals according to shared physical features.
classroom	教室	The teacher walked into the classroom.
clay	粘土	The children made small bowls out of wet clay.
clever	賢い	That was a clever way to solve the problem.
client	依頼人	The lawyer met with a new client this morning.
clinic	クリニック、診療所	She visited the local clinic for a routine checkup.
clip	クリップ、一場面	He shared a short clip from the concert online.
clone	クローンを作る	Scientists were able to clone the sheep successfully.
closure	閉鎖	The factory closure left hundreds of workers unemployed.
clue	手がかり	The detective found a clue near the window.
coefficient	係数	In this formula the coefficient of x is three.
cognitive	認知の	The therapy focuses on improving cognitive function.
coherent	首尾一貫した	She gave a coherent explanation despite being nervous.
collective	集団の	The decision was a collective one by the whole team.
colonial	植民地の	The old town still has many colonial buildings from that era.
colony	植民地	The island was once a colony of Spain.
comma	コンマ、読点	Remember to put a comma before the word 'but'.
commentary	解説	The radio commentary made the match exciting.
commodity	商品、一次産品	Oil remains one of the world's most traded commodities.
commonly	一般的に	This herb is commonly used in Italian cooking.
communicative	コミュニケーション重視の	The teacher used communicative activities to build speaking confidence.
communist	共産主義の	The country had a communist government for forty years.
compact	小型の、コンパクトな	The kitchen is compact but very practical.
comparable	比較できる	The two houses are comparable in size.
comparative	比較級	Bigger is the comparative form of the word big.
compensate	補償する	The airline agreed to compensate passengers for the delay.
competence	能力	The manager showed great competence in handling the crisis.
competent	有能な	She is a competent driver with years of experience.
complement	補完するもの	The sauce is a perfect complement to the grilled fish.
complication	複雑な問題、合併症	A small complication delayed the flight.
comply	従う	All employees must comply with the safety regulations.
composer	作曲家	Mozart is a famous composer of classical music.
composite	複合の	The bridge is built from a light composite material.
comprehension	理解力	The exam included a reading comprehension section.
computation	計算	The computation of the total took several minutes.
conceive	思いつく	She conceived a brilliant idea for the new product.
conception	概念、考え方	His conception of freedom differed greatly from hers.
conceptual	概念的な	The design is still at a conceptual stage.
conditional	条件付きの	The job offer is conditional on passing a background check.
conduction	伝導	Metal spoons get hot through the conduction of heat.
cone	円錐	She scooped ice cream into a crispy waffle cone.
configuration	構成、配置	The configuration of the desks makes the room feel small.
confine	制限する	The doctor confined the patient to bed for a week.
confound	混乱させる、当惑させる	The strange results confound the experts.
congruent	合同の、一致した	The two triangles are congruent in shape and size.
connector	コネクター	The cable needs a small connector at each end.
connotation	含意	The word cheap carries a negative connotation.
conscious	意識のある	The patient remained conscious throughout the entire procedure.
consciousness	意識	The patient slowly regained consciousness after the surgery.
consensus	総意、合意	The committee reached a consensus after hours of debate.
consent	同意	The doctor needed the patient's consent before starting treatment.
conservation	保護、保全	The group works on the conservation of endangered forests.
conserve	節約する	We should conserve water during the summer drought.
consonant	子音	The letter 'b' is a consonant, not a vowel.
constitution	憲法	The new constitution guarantees freedom of the press.
constrain	制約する	A small budget constrained what the team could build.
consultation	相談	The doctor scheduled a consultation for the following week.
consumption	消費	Water consumption rises sharply during the summer months.
container	容器	She poured the soup into a plastic container.
continent	大陸	Africa is a huge continent with many countries.
continuity	継続性	The company values continuity in its leadership team.
contour	輪郭、等高線	The map shows the contour of the hills.
contradict	矛盾する	His new statement seemed to contradict what he said yesterday.
contradiction	矛盾	There was a clear contradiction between his two stories.
contradictory	矛盾した	The witnesses gave contradictory accounts of the accident.
contrary	反対の	Contrary to the forecast, the weather turned out sunny.
controversy	論争	The new policy sparked controversy among local residents.
converge	集まる、収束する	The two roads converge near the old bridge.
convergence	収束、集中	The convergence of the two rivers forms a wide lake.
coordinate	調整する	Two teachers coordinate the school trip.
coordination	調整、連携	Good coordination between the two teams saved time.
cord	コード、ひも	The lamp cord is too short for this wall.
coronary	冠状の	He was treated for coronary disease last spring.
corpus	コーパス	Linguists analyzed the corpus of medieval manuscripts.
correction	訂正	The teacher made a small correction to his essay.
correctly	正しく	Make sure you spell her name correctly.
correlate	相関するもの	Income level is a strong correlate of health outcomes.
correlation	相関関係	Researchers found a correlation between sleep and memory.
correspondence	文通、通信	They kept up a regular correspondence for over a decade.
corruption	汚職	The new leader promised to fight corruption in government.
cortex	皮質	The outer cortex of the brain controls thinking.
credibility	信頼性	The scandal damaged the senator's credibility completely.
criteria	基準	The scholarship has strict eligibility criteria.
critically	批判的に	The reviewer critically examined every detail of the film.
critique	批評	Her critique of the novel was fair and detailed.
crude	粗野な、原始的な	He made a crude joke that offended several guests.
crystal	結晶	Salt forms small crystals as the water dries.
cue	合図、きっかけ	The music was the cue for the dancers to start.
cure	治療法	Scientists are still searching for a cure for the disease.
curriculum	カリキュラム	The school added coding to its high school curriculum.
cyclic	周期的な	Fashion follows a cyclic pattern and old styles return.
cylinder	円柱、シリンダー	Water was poured into a tall glass cylinder.
damp	湿った	The basement felt cold and damp after the heavy rain.
deadline	締め切り	The deadline for submitting applications is next Friday.
decay	腐敗する、衰える	The abandoned house began to decay after years of neglect.
deceive	欺く、だます	He tried to deceive the customers with false claims.
defect	欠陥	The phone had a small defect in the screen.
deficiency	欠乏、不足	The tired patient was diagnosed with an iron deficiency.
definite	確定した、明確な	We still need a definite answer by tomorrow morning.
deflection	偏り、そらし	The goal came from a lucky deflection off the defender.
degrade	劣化させる	Pollution continues to degrade the local water supply.
deliberately	意図的に	She deliberately ignored his calls for the whole week.
delta	三角州	The river forms a wide delta before it reaches the sea.
demonstrator	実演者、デモ参加者	A demonstrator showed us how the new machine works.
denominator	分母	In the fraction three over four, four is the denominator.
denote	示す	A red flag on the beach denotes dangerous conditions.
dense	密集した、濃い	The hikers got lost in the dense forest.
dependence	依存	The country wants to reduce its dependence on oil.
depict	描写する	The mural depicts the history of the small town.
derivative	派生物、誘導体	The medicine is a derivative of a common plant.
descendent	子孫	He is a descendent of the family that built this house.
descriptor	記述子	Each file has a short descriptor that explains its contents.
destination	目的地	Paris is a popular destination for tourists in summer.
detection	検出	Early detection of the illness saves lives.
developmental	発達の	The child passed every developmental stage on time.
deviation	偏差、逸脱	Any deviation from the plan must be reported.
diagnose	診断する	The doctor was able to diagnose the problem quickly.
diagnosis	診断	The doctor gave a clear diagnosis after the tests.
diagnostic	診断の	The garage ran a diagnostic test on the engine.
diagram	図、図表	The diagram shows how the engine parts fit together.
dialect	方言	Her grandmother speaks an old village dialect.
diameter	直径	The pipe has a diameter of ten centimeters.
diary	日記	She writes in her diary every single night.
dictate	書き取らせる、指示する	The manager dictated a letter to her assistant.
dictionary	辞書	I looked up the word in a dictionary.
differential	格差、差額	There is a large pay differential between the two jobs.
differentiate	区別する	Babies soon learn to differentiate familiar voices.
differentiation	区別、差別化	Clear differentiation between the two products helped sales.
diffusion	拡散	Heat spreads through the metal by diffusion.
dilemma	ジレンマ、板挟み	He faced a dilemma about which job offer to accept.
dilute	薄める	Dilute the juice with water before you drink it.
dimensional	次元の	The software creates three-dimensional images of the building.
dioxide	二酸化物	Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
directive	指令	The staff received a directive from head office.
disability	障害	The building has ramps for people with a disability.
disadvantage	不利な点	One disadvantage of living downtown is the noise.
discharge	放出、退院	The nurse prepared the patient's discharge paperwork this morning.
discourse	談話、言説	Public discourse about climate change has grown louder.
discrete	個別の、離散的な	The course is divided into six discrete units.
discrimination	差別	The law protects workers from age discrimination.
displacement	移動、退去	The war caused the displacement of thousands of families.
dissection	解剖	The dissection revealed how the organs were connected.
dissertation	学位論文	She is writing her dissertation on ancient coins.
dissolve	溶ける	Sugar will dissolve quickly in hot water.
distribution	分配	The company controls the distribution of its products.
disturbance	妨害、騒動	Police were called to a disturbance in the street.
diverse	多様な	The city has a diverse population from many countries.
domain	領域、分野	Space travel was once the domain of a few countries.
dominance	支配、優勢	The team kept its dominance in the league for years.
dominant	支配的な	English remains the dominant language in global business.
domination	支配	The empire sought domination over the entire region.
donor	提供者、寄付者	A blood donor can save several lives.
dose	服用量、用量	The doctor prescribed a small dose of antibiotics.
drain	排水管	Hair clogged the drain in the bathroom sink.
drift	漂流する	The empty boat drifted slowly down the river.
duration	継続期間	The flight's duration was almost eleven hours.
dye	染料	She used a natural dye to color the fabric.
dynamic	活動的な、動的な	She has a dynamic personality that energizes the whole team.
ecological	生態学的な	The oil spill caused serious ecological damage.
ecology	生態学	She is studying ecology at the university.
economically	経済的に	The town grew economically after the port opened.
economist	経済学者	The economist predicted a slow recovery next year.
effectiveness	有効性	Studies confirmed the effectiveness of the new vaccine.
elaborate	手の込んだ	They planned an elaborate wedding with hundreds of guests.
elastic	ゴムひも	The waistband uses elastic to stay comfortably in place.
elasticity	弾力性	The rubber band lost its elasticity over time.
electron	電子	An electron carries a negative electric charge.
elementary	初歩的な、基本的な	She teaches at an elementary school.
elevate	高める、上げる	The surgeon told him to elevate his injured leg.
elevation	標高	The town sits at an elevation of two thousand meters.
elimination	除去、排除	The team lost and faced elimination from the tournament.
elite	エリート	Only the elite could afford tickets to the gala.
embed	埋め込む	The reporter was embedded with troops during the war.
emergence	出現、台頭	The emergence of new technology changed the industry quickly.
emission	排出、放出	The new law limits the emission of harmful gases.
emit	放出する	The old lamp emits a soft yellow light.
emperor	皇帝	The emperor ruled over a vast territory for decades.
empirical	実証的な	The claim needs empirical evidence from real tests.
encode	符号化する、暗号化する	The system encodes your password before saving it.
enforcement	施行、取り締まり	Stricter enforcement of speed limits reduced accidents.
enormously	非常に	The new policy enormously improved public transport reliability.
entity	実体、団体	The school is a separate legal entity from the church.
entrant	参加者、出場者	Every entrant in the race received a number.
enzyme	酵素	An enzyme in your stomach helps break down food.
epidemic	流行病、疫病	The city closed its schools during the flu epidemic.
epidemiology	疫学	She studies epidemiology and tracks how diseases spread.
equality	平等	The movement fights for equality between all citizens.
equilibrium	均衡、平衡状態	The economy slowly returned to equilibrium after the crisis.
equivalence	同等、等価	The teacher explained the equivalence between the two formulas.
erase	消す	He tried to erase the pencil marks from the page.
essence	本質	Kindness is the essence of true friendship.
essentially	本質的に、基本的に	Essentially, the two proposals aim to achieve the same goal.
estimation	見積もり、評価	In my estimation, the project will take another month.
ethical	倫理的な	The company faced questions about its ethical business practices.
ethics	倫理	The class studies the ethics of medical research.
evident	明白な	It was evident from her smile that she was happy.
evolutionary	進化の	Birds developed wings through a long evolutionary process.
ex	元恋人、元配偶者	She still talks to her ex about their old friends.
execute	実行する、処刑する	The team worked hard to execute the plan flawlessly.
execution	実行、処刑	The execution of the project took several months longer.
exit	出口	The nearest exit is at the back of the theater.
expertise	専門知識	We need someone with expertise in tax law.
explicit	明確な	She gave explicit instructions about the deadline.
explicitly	明確に	The contract explicitly forbids sharing the files.
exploit	搾取する、利用する	Some companies exploit workers by paying very low wages.
exponential	指数関数的な	The city saw exponential growth in its population.
fabric	布地、生地	She chose a soft cotton fabric for the new curtains.
facet	側面、一面	We discussed every facet of the problem.
facilitate	促進する、容易にする	New software can facilitate communication between remote teams.
factorial	階乗	The factorial of four is twenty four.
faculty	学部、能力	The medical faculty accepted only a small number of students.
fatigue	疲労	After the double shift, deep fatigue set in immediately.
feedback	フィードバック、意見	The teacher gave detailed feedback on every student's essay.
fertility	肥沃さ、生殖能力	Farmers add compost to improve the fertility of the soil.
fetal	胎児の	The doctor checked the fetal heartbeat.
fever	熱	The child has a fever today.
fiber	繊維	Whole grains contain plenty of fiber that aids digestion.
fin	ひれ	The fish moved its tail fin slowly.
finite	有限の	The world has a finite supply of clean water.
flesh	肉、肉体	The wound went deep enough to expose the flesh beneath.
flexibility	柔軟性	Yoga can greatly improve your flexibility over time.
flip	ひっくり返す	He decided to flip the pancake before it burned.
fluid	流動的な	The situation remains fluid, so plans might change quickly.
flux	変動、流れ	The market is in a state of flux this month.
footnote	脚注	The author added a footnote explaining the unfamiliar term.
formally	正式に	The mayor formally opened the new library yesterday.
formulation	策定、処方	The formulation of the new plan took several months.
forum	フォーラム	She asked her question in an online forum.
fossil	化石	They discovered a dinosaur fossil buried in the cliff.
fraction	分数、一部	Only a fraction of the students passed the exam.
fracture	骨折、亀裂	The x-ray showed a small fracture in her wrist.
freely	自由に	Citizens can freely express their opinions in public.
friction	摩擦	Friction between the tires and the road slows the car.
fringe	周辺、端	They live on the fringe of the city, near the fields.
fundamentally	根本的に	The two plans are fundamentally different.
fungus	菌類	A white fungus was growing on the damp wall.
fusion	融合	The band's music is a fusion of jazz and rock.
gauge	測る、判断する	It was hard to gauge how the crowd felt.
generalization	一般化	It's an unfair generalization to say all teenagers are lazy.
generalize	一般化する	It's risky to generalize about a whole country from one visit.
genetically	遺伝的に	The two brothers are genetically almost identical.
genetics	遺伝学	She is studying genetics at university this year.
ghost	幽霊、おばけ	The children were scared of the ghost story.
globalization	グローバル化	Globalization has made many goods cheaper around the world.
goat	ヤギ	The farmer keeps a goat and several chickens in the yard.
goodness	おやまあ	Goodness, I did not realize it was so late already.
goods	商品	The truck delivered goods to the store every morning.
gradient	勾配、傾斜	The road has a steep gradient near the top.
gram	グラム	The recipe calls for two hundred grams of flour.
grammatical	文法の	The sentence has one small grammatical mistake.
graph	グラフ	The graph shows how sales increased over five years.
grasp	把握、理解	She has a solid grasp of basic economics already.
gravity	重力	Gravity pulls the apple down to the ground.
grid	格子、碁盤目	The city streets form a neat grid.
gross	総計の、不快な	The restaurant's gross annual income exceeded two million dollars.
gut	腸	Too much sugar can upset your gut.
habitat	生息地	The forest is the natural habitat of many rare animals.
halfway	中ほどまで	We stopped for coffee halfway to the airport.
handout	配布資料	The teacher gave every student a handout before the lecture.
harvest	収穫	Farmers celebrate a good harvest every autumn.
hawk	鷹	A hawk circled high above the empty field.
headquarter	本社を置く	The bank is headquartered in a small town.
hedge	生垣	A tall hedge separated the two neighboring gardens.
helix	らせん	The staircase curved upward in a perfect helix.
hepatitis	肝炎	The vaccine protects children against hepatitis.
herbicide	除草剤	The farmer sprayed herbicide to kill the weeds.
hierarchy	階層、序列	In the army, everyone knows their place in the hierarchy.
hip	腰	She rested her hand on her hip while she talked.
historically	歴史的に	Historically, this town was a small fishing port.
homework	宿題	I finished my homework before dinner.
horizon	地平線	The sun slowly disappeared below the horizon.
horizontal	水平の	Draw a horizontal line across the page.
hormone	ホルモン	This hormone helps the body control sugar levels.
hydrogen	水素	Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen.
identical	同一の、そっくりの	The twins wore identical outfits to the school party.
identification	身分証明、識別	You must show identification before entering the government building.
ideology	イデオロギー	The party built its campaign around a strict ideology.
illusion	錯覚、幻想	The mirror creates the illusion of a larger room.
immune	免疫のある	Vaccines help the body become immune to the disease.
impact	影響	The new law had a big impact on farmers.
implicit	暗黙の	There was an implicit warning in his quiet voice.
importantly	さらに重要なことに	More importantly, remember to lock the door.
impulse	衝動	She bought the dress on a sudden impulse.
incidence	発生率	The incidence of flu rises every winter.
incline	傾斜、坂	The path has a steep incline near the top.
inclusion	包摂、包含	The school promotes the inclusion of children with disabilities.
incredible	信じられない	The view from the mountain top was simply incredible.
incredibly	信じられないほど	The exam was incredibly difficult for most of the students.
incumbent	現職者	The incumbent easily won reelection in November.
independently	独立して	The two scientists reached the same result independently.
indicator	指標	Sales are a good indicator of customer interest.
indifference	無関心	Her indifference to the news surprised us all.
indigenous	先住の、在来の	These trees are indigenous to the island.
indirect	間接的な	The flight took an indirect route because of the storm.
individually	個別に	The teacher spoke to each child individually.
induce	誘発する、説得する	The medication is designed to induce deep sleep.
induction	導入、帰納法	New employees attend an induction on their first day.
industrialization	工業化	Industrialization changed the country in fifty years.
industrialize	工業化する	The country worked hard to industrialize after the war.
inequality	不平等	The report shows growing inequality between rich and poor.
inevitably	必然的に	Prices inevitably rise when fuel becomes expensive.
infect	感染させる	The virus can infect people through close physical contact.
infectious	伝染性の、感染力のある	Her infectious laughter made everyone in the room smile.
inference	推論	The detective made an inference based on the muddy footprints.
inferior	劣った、下位の	The cheap tools were clearly inferior to the old ones.
infinite	無限の	The night sky seemed infinite above the desert.
infinity	無限	The two lines seem to stretch to infinity.
influential	影響力のある	She became one of the most influential leaders of her generation.
informal	非公式の、くだけた	The meeting had an informal atmosphere with no strict agenda.
inhibit	抑制する	Cold weather inhibits the growth of these plants.
inhibition	抑制、ためらい	After a while she lost her inhibition and started to dance.
initiate	開始する	The company initiated a new training program.
initiation	開始、加入儀式	The initiation of the project was delayed by heavy rain.
inject	注射する	The nurse injected the medicine into his arm.
injection	注射	The nurse gave the patient a quick flu injection.
innate	生まれつきの	Curiosity seems to be an innate trait in young children.
insect	昆虫	A tiny insect landed on my arm.
insert	挿入する	Insert your card into the machine.
instability	不安定	Political instability kept tourists away.
instinct	本能	Her first instinct was to run toward the exit.
integral	不可欠な	Trust is integral to any successful long term relationship.
integration	統合	The merger required careful integration of both companies' systems.
intensity	強度	The intensity of the storm surprised everyone.
intensive	集中的な	She took an intensive course to learn Spanish quickly.
interact	交流する、相互作用する	Children learn a lot when they interact with animals.
interestingly	興味深いことに	Interestingly, the two letters were written on the same day.
interface	インターフェース	The app has a simple interface that anyone can use.
interfere	干渉する、邪魔する	Please do not interfere with the children's private argument.
intermediate	中級の	She joined the intermediate class after finishing the basics.
interrupt	邪魔する、中断する	Please don't interrupt me while I'm on the phone.
interval	間隔	There is a short interval between the two lessons.
intervene	介入する	A teacher intervened before the argument got worse.
interviewer	面接官、インタビュアー	The interviewer asked many difficult questions.
invade	侵略する	The army planned to invade the neighboring country.
invasion	侵略	The invasion of the country shocked the whole world.
inversion	反転、倒置	The question uses an inversion of the normal word order.
invert	逆にする、ひっくり返す	Invert the cup and let the water run out.
ion	イオン	Salt breaks into ions when it dissolves in water.
irrelevant	無関係な	That detail is irrelevant to our decision.
irrigation	灌漑	The farm uses irrigation to water its dry fields.
jazz	ジャズ	He plays the saxophone in a jazz band.
junior	下位の、年少の	She just started as a junior manager at work.
justification	正当化、根拠	There was no justification for such rude behavior.
kidney	腎臓	The doctor said his left kidney was healthy.
kilometer	キロメートル	The stadium is about one kilometer from here.
lab	実験室、ラボ	The students tested the sample in the lab.
lateral	横の、側面の	The plant sends out lateral roots near the surface.
layout	レイアウト、配置	I like the layout of this magazine page.
leaf	葉	A green leaf fell from the tree.
lecturer	講師	The lecturer explained the theory using a simple diagram.
legend	伝説	According to legend, a dragon once guarded this cave.
legitimate	合法的な、正当な	She had a legitimate reason for missing the meeting.
leisure	余暇	Reading is her favorite leisure activity.
lever	てこ、レバー	He used a metal lever to lift the heavy stone.
lexical	語彙の	The book explains lexical choices in modern poetry.
liable	責任がある、しがちな	The driver is liable for the damage to the fence.
lifestyle	ライフスタイル	Eating well is part of a healthy lifestyle.
lifetime	生涯	He collected stamps throughout his entire lifetime.
likelihood	可能性	There is a strong likelihood of rain this weekend.
likewise	同様に	He bowed politely, and she did likewise.
limb	手足、大枝	She broke a limb after falling from the tree.
linear	直線的な	The story follows a simple linear timeline.
linguistic	言語の	The country has great linguistic variety.
linguistics	言語学	She studies linguistics at the university.
liter	リットル	Please buy a liter of milk from the shop.
liver	肝臓	Alcohol can damage the liver over time.
locally	地元で	The vegetables in this shop are grown locally.
locus	場所、中心	The old city was the locus of the whole protest.
logical	論理的な	That seems like the most logical solution.
longitudinal	縦断的な、長期の	The longitudinal study followed the children for ten years.
loop	輪、ループ	The road makes a wide loop around the lake.
lump	塊	He put a lump of sugar in his tea.
lung	肺	Smoking can seriously damage your lungs.
machinery	機械類	The farm bought new machinery this year.
magnetic	磁力のある、魅力的な	The singer has a magnetic presence on stage.
magnitude	大きさ、規模	Nobody understood the magnitude of the problem at first.
mall	ショッピングモール	We spent the afternoon shopping at the mall.
manipulate	操作する、操る	He tried to manipulate the results to favor his team.
manipulation	操作	The report accused the firm of market manipulation.
manual	手動の	The factory still relies heavily on manual labor.
manuscript	写本、原稿	The library keeps a manuscript from the tenth century.
marble	大理石、ビー玉	The floor of the palace was made of white marble.
marginal	わずかな	The new update brought only marginal improvements in speed.
marker	マーカー、目印	She wrote the title with a black marker.
marrow	骨髄	Bone marrow makes new blood cells every day.
maternal	母親の	She felt a strong maternal instinct toward the orphaned kitten.
mathematical	数学的な	She solved the problem using a simple mathematical formula.
matrix	行列、マトリックス	The students learned to add numbers in a matrix.
maximize	最大化する	We changed the desks to maximize space.
meaningful	意味のある、有意義な	They had a meaningful conversation about their future plans.
mechanic	整備士、機械工	The mechanic fixed the car's engine in an hour.
mechanical	機械の、機械的な	The clock has an old mechanical movement inside.
media	メディア	The story was covered widely by the media.
mediate	仲裁する	A neutral lawyer agreed to mediate the divorce settlement.
membrane	膜	A thin membrane covers the surface of the egg.
memorize	暗記する	Students had to memorize the poem for class.
mentor	指導者、メンター	Her mentor gave her advice throughout her career.
mercury	水銀	The old thermometer was filled with mercury.
merge	合併する	The two companies decided to merge into one.
messenger	使者	A messenger delivered the letter to the king.
metabolism	代謝	Regular exercise can speed up your metabolism.
metaphor	隠喩	The poet used a metaphor to describe her sadness.
methodology	方法論	The paper describes the methodology in detail.
micro	マイクロ	The prefix micro means one millionth of a unit.
mid	中間の	The report is due in mid March.
migrate	移住する、渡る	Many birds migrate south before winter.
migration	移住、渡り	Scientists tracked the birds' migration across the continent.
millimeter	ミリメートル	The screw is only three millimeters wide.
mineral	鉱物	This water contains many healthy minerals.
minimal	最小限の	The repair caused minimal damage to the wall.
minimize	最小限にする	We should minimize waste to help the environment.
minus	マイナス、を引いた	Ten minus three equals seven.
missile	ミサイル	The military tested a new missile in the desert.
mobility	移動性	The injury limited her mobility for several weeks.
modification	修正	The engineer suggested a small modification to the design.
mole	モグラ、ほくろ	A mole dug a long tunnel under the lawn.
molecular	分子の	The lab studies the molecular structure of water.
molecule	分子	Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen molecules.
momentum	勢い、運動量	The campaign gained momentum after the TV interview.
monetary	金銭の、通貨の	The bank announced a change in monetary policy.
monkey	猿	A small monkey climbed up the tree.
monopoly	独占	One company had a monopoly on train tickets.
morality	道徳	The novel raises questions about morality and justice.
morphological	形態の	The two plants show morphological differences in their leaves.
morphology	形態論	The class studies the morphology of English words.
mortality	死亡率	Better hospitals lowered child mortality in the region.
motif	モチーフ、主題	A flower motif repeats across the whole carpet.
motive	動機	Police could not find a motive for the robbery.
multinational	多国籍の	She works for a multinational company with offices in Asia.
multiply	掛ける、増える	Students learn to multiply numbers in third grade.
mutation	突然変異	A small mutation in the gene changed the flower's color.
myth	神話、俗説	The ancient myth explains how the world began.
naked	裸の	The baby laughed while naked in the bath.
namely	すなわち	Only one student passed, namely Ali.
nasty	不愉快な、意地悪な	He said something nasty and hurt her feelings.
nationalism	国家主義	The speech was full of strong nationalism.
neat	きちんとした	Her desk was always neat and perfectly organized.
necessity	必需品	Clean water is a basic necessity for survival.
nest	巣	Two birds built a nest in the old tree.
neural	神経の	The brain sends messages along neural paths.
neuron	神経細胞、ニューロン	Each neuron sends signals to the next one.
neutral	中立の	Switzerland remained neutral during much of the war.
nicely	上品に	She asked nicely if she could borrow the book.
niche	ニッチ、適所	The startup found a profitable niche in eco-friendly packaging.
nitrogen	窒素	Most of the air we breathe is nitrogen.
noble	高潔な、高貴な	He made a noble effort to help the wounded stranger.
node	節点、ノード	Each node in the network sends data to the next one.
noisy	騒がしい	The street outside our hotel was very noisy.
nominal	名目上の、わずかな	He pays a nominal rent of one dollar a year.
nonetheless	それでもなお	The trip was expensive; nonetheless, they enjoyed it.
nonlinear	非線形の	The film tells its story in a nonlinear way.
norm	標準、規範	Working from home has become the norm here.
notation	記譜法、表記法	Musicians read the piece from standard notation.
novice	初心者	As a novice, he still needs help with the machine.
nucleus	核、原子核	The nucleus of the cell contains its genetic material.
null	無効な、ゼロの	The contract became null after the deadline passed.
numerical	数値の	The results are listed in numerical order from lowest to highest.
nutrient	栄養素	Leafy greens contain many nutrients the body needs.
objection	異議、反対	The lawyer raised an objection during the trial.
obscure	覆い隠す、不明瞭にする	Thick fog obscured the view of the mountains.
observer	観察者	An international observer monitored the election closely.
obtain	得る、取得する	You must obtain a visa before traveling abroad.
occupation	職業	Please state your name and occupation here.
occurrence	出来事	Snow in April is a rare occurrence here.
offspring	子孫、子供	Wolves fiercely protect their offspring from predators.
onset	始まり、発症	He took the medicine at the onset of the illness.
onwards	以降、前へ	From next Monday onwards, the shop opens earlier.
optical	光学の	The microscope uses a set of optical lenses.
optimal	最適な	Morning is the optimal time for her to study.
optimum	最適の	The plant grows best at the optimum temperature.
oral	口頭試験	She was nervous before her French oral began.
organ	臓器、オルガン	The heart is the organ that pumps blood.
organism	生物、有機体	A tiny organism can be seen under the microscope.
orient	方向づける、慣れさせる	The guide helped us orient ourselves with a map.
orientation	オリエンテーション	New employees attend an orientation on Monday.
oscillation	振動、揺れ	The oscillation of the pendulum kept a steady beat.
outer	外側の	The outer layer of the cake was chocolate.
outlet	コンセント、はけ口	She plugged the lamp into the wall outlet.
overhead	諸経費	The company cut overhead by moving to a smaller office.
overlap	重複	There is some overlap between the two job roles.
overview	概要	The manager gave a quick overview of the project.
oxidize	酸化する	Iron will oxidize and turn red if it stays wet.
oxygen	酸素	Plants release oxygen into the air during the day.
painful	痛い、つらい	Losing the match was painful for the whole team.
par	同水準、標準	Her work is on a par with the best in the class.
paradigm	パラダイム、模範	The discovery created a new paradigm in physics.
paradox	逆説	It is a paradox that fighting for peace often involves war.
parameter	パラメータ	The engineers adjusted several parameters in the model.
parcel	小包	A heavy parcel arrived for her this afternoon.
pardon	すみません	Pardon, could you repeat that, please?
parental	親の	The film requires parental guidance for young viewers.
parenthesis	丸かっこ	Put the date inside a parenthesis at the end of the line.
partial	部分的な	The insurance only covered a partial refund of costs.
partially	部分的に	The road is partially closed for repairs.
particle	粒子	A single dust particle floated through the beam of light.
partition	仕切り、分割	A glass partition divides the two offices.
pathway	小道、経路	A narrow pathway led through the garden to the gate.
peasant	農民、小作人	Medieval peasants worked the lord's land for survival.
periodic	定期的な	The machine needs periodic checks every six months.
peripheral	周辺の、二次的な	That question is peripheral to our main topic.
pest	害虫	This insect is a serious pest in rice fields.
pesticide	殺虫剤、農薬	The farmer sprayed pesticide on the young plants.
phenomenal	驚異的な	The young pianist gave a phenomenal performance last night.
philosopher	哲学者	The ancient Greek philosopher taught many famous students.
philosophical	哲学的な	He took a philosophical approach to failure, learning from every mistake.
phonological	音韻の	The two dialects show phonological differences in their vowels.
phosphate	リン酸塩	The fertilizer contains phosphate for stronger roots.
photographic	写真の	The book has a photographic record of the war.
physically	身体的に	She felt physically tired after the long hike.
physician	医師	The physician recommended more rest and plenty of fluids.
physics	物理学	She struggled with physics during her first year.
physiological	生理学的な	Stress causes measurable physiological changes in the body.
pi	円周率（パイ）	Students learned to calculate a circle's area using pi.
planner	手帳、計画者	She writes every meeting in her planner.
plantation	農園、大農場	His family owned a tea plantation in the hills.
plausible	もっともらしい	Her explanation for the delay sounded perfectly plausible.
plug	プラグ、栓	He pushed the plug firmly into the wall socket.
plural	複数形	Add an s to make the noun plural.
polar	極地の	Polar bears live on the ice in the far north.
pole	棒、極	He used a long pole to knock down the apples.
politically	政治的に	The country remains politically divided over the new law.
portfolio	ポートフォリオ	The designer showed her portfolio at the interview.
portray	描写する、演じる	The film portrays the president as a reluctant hero.
portrayal	描写	Critics praised her portrayal of the grieving mother.
positively	積極的に	The staff responded positively to the new schedule.
poster	ポスター	There is a poster of the band on his wall.
postgraduate	大学院の	She began postgraduate study after her first degree.
potassium	カリウム	Bananas contain a lot of potassium.
powder	粉末	She sprinkled powder sugar over the fresh pancakes.
practitioner	開業者、実践者	The clinic employs several experienced medical practitioners.
pragmatic	実際的な、現実的な	She took a pragmatic approach and fixed the cheapest problem first.
precede	先行する	A brief introduction will precede the main presentation.
precipitate	引き起こす、早める	The bad news precipitated a sharp fall in prices.
precipitation	降水量	Yearly precipitation in the desert is very low.
predator	捕食動物	The lion is a powerful predator on the plains.
prediction	予測、予言	His prediction about the match turned out to be correct.
predominantly	主に	The village is predominantly farmland.
prejudice	偏見	The novel explores racial prejudice in the 1930s.
preliminary	予備の	The preliminary results suggested the new drug was effective.
presume	推定する	I presume you have already eaten.
prevalence	普及、有病率	Doctors are worried about the prevalence of diabetes.
prey	獲物	The eagle carried its prey back to the nest.
primer	下塗り、入門書	Paint the wall with primer before the first color.
primitive	原始的な	The tribe used primitive tools made of stone.
probe	探査機、調査	The space probe sent back images of the distant planet.
problematic	問題のある	The new rule is problematic for small shops.
processor	プロセッサー	The new laptop has a faster processor.
productive	生産的な	The meeting was short but very productive today.
productivity	生産性	The new software increased productivity in the office.
profound	深遠な	The book had a profound effect on my thinking.
progression	進行	The doctor watched the progression of the illness.
progressive	進歩的な、漸進的な	The school follows a progressive teaching method.
projection	予測、投影	Sales projections for next year look much stronger than expected.
prominent	著名な	A prominent scientist spoke at the conference yesterday.
pronounce	発音する	It is hard to pronounce her name correctly.
proposition	提案	The board rejected the merger as a poor proposition.
protocol	手順、プロトコル	The hospital follows a strict protocol for visitors.
proton	陽子	A proton carries a positive charge.
psychiatric	精神医学の	She was admitted to a psychiatric hospital for treatment.
psychologist	心理学者	She visits a psychologist every week to talk.
psychology	心理学	She studied psychology to better understand human behavior.
publish	出版する	The author will publish her next novel this year.
pulse	脈拍	The nurse checked his pulse before taking his temperature.
punch	パンチ、パンチ（飲み物）	He threw a quick punch that knocked out his opponent.
punish	罰する	The teacher decided to punish the students for cheating.
punishment	罰	The judge gave him a harsh punishment for the crime.
purely	単に、純粋に	We met purely by chance at the station.
puzzle	パズル	The children spent hours solving the jigsaw puzzle.
qualitative	質的な	The study used qualitative interviews rather than surveys.
quantitative	定量的な	The report includes quantitative data on sales.
quantum	量子	A quantum is the smallest amount of energy a particle can carry.
questionnaire	アンケート	Please fill out this short questionnaire about our service.
quiz	クイズ	We took a quiz on English grammar this morning.
quotation	引用	She opened her essay with a famous quotation from Einstein.
rack	ラック、棚	He hung his towel on the rack by the shower.
radar	レーダー	The pilot watched the radar for signs of the storm.
radiation	放射線	Workers wore suits to protect against radiation.
radius	半径	The radius of this circle is five centimeters.
rainfall	降雨量	The region gets heavy rainfall in the summer months.
randomize	無作為化する	The app randomizes the questions for each student.
randomly	無作為に	The winners were chosen randomly from the list.
rational	合理的な	We need a rational explanation for these strange results.
rationality	合理性	He questioned the rationality of the sudden decision.
ray	光線	A ray of sunlight came through the window.
reactive	反応しやすい	This metal is highly reactive with water.
reactor	原子炉	The nuclear reactor was shut down for repairs.
readily	快く、容易に	He readily agreed to help with the fundraiser.
realism	写実主義、現実主義	The novel is admired for its gritty realism.
realistic	現実的な	You need to be realistic about your chances of winning.
realm	領域、王国	That idea belongs to the realm of science fiction.
receptor	受容体	A receptor on the cell catches the hormone.
recipe	レシピ	My grandmother gave me her secret recipe for apple pie.
reconstruct	再建する、復元する	Workers reconstructed the bridge after the flood.
regime	政権、体制	The new regime introduced strict laws for all citizens.
regression	後退、回帰	The illness caused a regression in his speech.
rehabilitation	リハビリ、社会復帰	After the accident he needed months of rehabilitation.
reinforce	強化する	Steel bars reinforce the concrete walls of the building.
rejection	拒絶、却下	She received a rejection letter from the university.
reliability	信頼性	Customers praised the reliability of the old model.
render	の状態にする	The injury rendered him unable to walk for weeks.
repertoire	レパートリー	The pianist has a huge repertoire of classical pieces.
replacement	交換、後任	We need to find a replacement for our injured player.
replicate	複製する、再現する	Other scientists could not replicate the experiment.
replication	複製、再現	The replication of the study gave the same result.
reproduce	繁殖する、複製する	Rabbits reproduce much faster than most other mammals.
reproduction	繁殖、複製	The class learned about plant reproduction.
republic	共和国	France became a republic after the revolution.
resemble	似ている	The twins resemble each other so closely people mix them up.
reservoir	貯水池	The city gets its water from a large reservoir.
residual	残留の	There is still some residual damage from the flood.
residue	残留物	A sticky residue was left on the counter after cleaning.
resistant	耐性のある	This paint is resistant to water and heat.
respiratory	呼吸器の	Smoking can cause serious respiratory problems over time.
retrieve	取り戻す	The dog ran to retrieve the ball from the lake.
revolutionary	革命的な	The new vaccine was a revolutionary breakthrough in medicine.
rewrite	書き直す	The editor asked her to rewrite the whole chapter.
rhetoric	美辞麗句	Voters grew tired of empty political rhetoric.
rhythm	リズム	The dancers moved perfectly with the rhythm of the song.
ridiculous	ばかげた	It's ridiculous to expect us to finish this today.
ritual	儀式、習慣	Brushing her teeth every night became a comforting ritual.
robot	ロボット	The factory uses a robot to assemble car parts.
rope	ロープ、綱	He tied the boat to the dock with a rope.
rotate	回転する	The earth rotates once every twenty four hours.
rotation	回転、交代	The rotation of the earth gives us day and night.
rub	こする	She began to rub the lotion gently into her hands.
ruler	定規、支配者	I used a ruler to draw a straight line.
scatter	散らばる	The wind scattered the leaves across the yard.
scenario	シナリオ	The team prepared for the worst case scenario.
scholarship	奨学金	She won a scholarship to study medicine abroad.
scripture	聖典、聖書	The priest read a short passage from scripture.
scroll	巻物	The museum displayed an ancient scroll behind thick glass.
secrete	分泌する	The gland secretes a clear liquid.
sediment	堆積物、沈殿物	Sediment settled at the bottom of the bottle.
selective	選択的な	The school is very selective about new students.
semantic	意味の、意味論的な	The two words have a small semantic difference.
semester	学期	The new semester begins in early September.
semi	セミトレーラー	A semi loaded with fruit blocked the narrow road.
seminar	セミナー	She attended a seminar on effective time management skills.
sensation	感覚、センセーション	She felt a strange sensation in her fingers.
sensible	分別のある	It would be sensible to save some money each month.
sensitivity	感度、敏感さ	The test has high sensitivity and finds small changes.
sensory	感覚の	The test measures sensory reactions to light and sound.
separately	別々に	Please wrap each gift separately before putting them away.
separation	分離	The separation from her family was very difficult.
sexuality	性、性的指向	The book discusses gender and sexuality.
shallow	浅い	Children can safely swim in the shallow end of the pool.
shortly	まもなく	The train will arrive shortly, so please wait here.
shuttle	シャトルバス	A free shuttle takes guests to the airport.
similarity	類似性	There is a strong similarity between the two paintings.
simplify	簡素化する	The new app aims to simplify the payment process.
simulate	模擬する	The program simulates a real flight.
simulation	シミュレーション	The students trained in a driving simulation.
simultaneously	同時に	The two teams finished the race simultaneously.
sin	罪	In many religions, lying is considered a sin.
singular	単数の	The word 'cat' is singular, but 'cats' is plural.
sketch	スケッチする	The artist began to sketch the mountain view outdoors.
skip	スキップする、省く	She decided to skip breakfast because she woke up late.
slab	厚板	Workers laid a concrete slab for the new patio.
slash	スラッシュ、切りつけ	Type a slash between the two words in the search.
slavery	奴隷制度	Slavery was officially abolished in the United States in 1865.
slot	差し込み口、時間枠	Please insert your card into the slot to pay.
snake	蛇	A green snake moved slowly through the grass.
sneeze	くしゃみ	He let out a loud sneeze during the meeting.
sniff	くんくん嗅ぐ	The dog began to sniff the ground near the fence.
socialize	社交する	He prefers to socialize with close friends on weekends.
socially	社会的に、社交的に	He is socially awkward but very kind at heart.
sodium	ナトリウム	Too much sodium in food can raise blood pressure.
soluble	溶けやすい	Sugar is soluble in warm water.
solute	溶質	Sugar is the solute when you stir it into water.
solvent	溶剤	Use a strong solvent to remove the dried paint stain.
sometime	いつか	We should meet for coffee sometime next week.
sophisticate	洗練された人	The party was full of city sophisticates in fine clothes.
span	わたる、及ぶ	The bridge spans nearly two kilometers across the river.
spatial	空間の	The test measures a child's spatial reasoning skills.
specialty	専門、名物	Grilled seafood is the restaurant's most famous specialty.
specification	仕様、明細	The engineer checked the specifications before ordering parts.
specimen	標本、見本	The doctor sent a blood specimen to the laboratory.
spectrum	スペクトル、範囲	The prism splits light into a spectrum of colors.
sperm	精子	A single sperm joins the egg.
sphere	球体、領域	The moon appears as a bright sphere in the sky.
splice	つなぎ合わせる	The engineer had to splice the two cables together.
sponsorship	後援、スポンサー契約	The team found a new sponsorship deal with a local bank.
spontaneous	自発的な、即興の	Her spontaneous decision to travel surprised everyone.
spray	スプレー	She used a spray of perfume before leaving the house.
stabilize	安定させる	Doctors managed to stabilize the patient after surgery.
stack	積み重ね	He left a stack of papers on the desk.
stadium	スタジアム	Thousands of fans filled the stadium last night.
stance	立場、姿勢	The party changed its stance on the new tax.
standardize	標準化する	The company wants to standardize its safety rules.
static	静止した、変化のない	Prices stayed static for the whole year.
statistical	統計的な	The study found a statistical link between the two habits.
statistically	統計的に	The difference is statistically small but real.
statistics	統計	The report includes statistics on unemployment across the country.
stereotype	固定観念	The movie relies too much on cultural stereotypes.
stimulus	刺激	Light is a stimulus that makes the plant grow.
straightforward	単純明快な	The instructions were straightforward and easy to follow.
strand	一筋	A single strand of hair fell across her face.
strategic	戦略的な	The company made a strategic decision to expand overseas.
strictly	厳密に	Smoking is strictly forbidden inside the hospital building.
stripe	縞模様	The shirt had a bold red stripe down the side.
sub	交代選手、潜水艦	The coach sent in a sub for the injured player.
subjective	主観的な	Beauty is subjective and depends on the viewer.
subset	部分集合	Only a small subset of the students took the test.
substitution	代用、交代	The coach made a substitution in the second half.
substrate	基質、下地	The seeds grow well in a moist substrate.
subtle	微妙な	There was a subtle change in her tone of voice.
subtract	引く	You need to subtract the discount from the total price.
sufficiently	十分に	Make sure the meat is sufficiently cooked before serving it.
suicide	自殺	The clinic offers counseling to prevent suicide among teens.
super	すごく良い	We had a super time at the amusement park.
superior	優れた、上位の	This brand offers superior quality at a fair price.
supposedly	おそらく、伝えられるところでは	Supposedly, the old house is haunted by ghosts.
surgeon	外科医	The surgeon operated on her knee for two hours.
surgical	外科の、手術の	The patient needs a small surgical operation.
surplus	余剰、黒字	The farm had a surplus of apples this year.
susceptible	影響を受けやすい	Young children are susceptible to colds in winter.
sustainable	持続可能な	The company invested in sustainable farming practices.
swap	交換する	The children swapped stickers during recess.
swell	腫れる、膨らむ	Her ankle began to swell after the fall.
sword	剣	The knight carried a heavy sword into battle.
syllable	音節	The word banana has three syllables.
syllabus	シラバス、講義計画	The teacher handed out the syllabus on the first day.
symbolic	象徴的な	The dove is a symbolic representation of peace.
syndrome	症候群	Doctors diagnosed him with a rare genetic syndrome.
syntactic	統語の、構文の	The error is syntactic, not a spelling problem.
syntax	統語法、構文	English syntax puts the verb after the subject.
synthesis	統合、合成	Her thesis offers a synthesis of two rival theories.
synthetic	合成の	The jacket is made from synthetic fibers, not wool.
systematic	体系的な	She took a systematic approach to organizing her files.
tech	テクノロジー	She works for a small tech company in the city.
technically	技術的には	Technically, the store closes at nine, not eight.
temporal	時間の	The story follows a clear temporal order.
tempt	誘惑する	The smell of fresh cookies began to tempt him.
tense	緊張した	The room felt tense before the exam results arrived.
terminal	ターミナル	We waited near the terminal for our connecting flight.
terminology	専門用語	Medical terminology confuses many new students.
terribly	ひどく、非常に	I feel terribly sorry for arriving so late.
textbook	教科書	Open your textbook to page ten.
theorem	定理	We proved the theorem in class today.
theorist	理論家	The economist is a leading theorist on global trade.
thereby	それによって	He finished early, thereby earning some free time.
thermal	熱の、保温の	The jacket has a thermal lining for cold days.
thesis	論文	She spent two years writing her doctoral thesis.
thickness	厚さ	The wall's thickness helps keep the house cool.
thread	糸	She used a needle and thread to fix the torn sleeve.
threshold	敷居、閾値	She paused at the threshold before entering the room.
thumb	親指	He hurt his thumb while closing the car door.
tolerance	寛容、耐性	This plant has a high tolerance for dry weather.
ton	トン	The ship carried more than a ton of cargo.
toxic	有毒な	The factory was fined for dumping toxic waste in the river.
tract	広がる土地、管	The farmer owns a large tract of fertile land.
traditionally	伝統的に	Traditionally, the family gathers for dinner every Sunday.
trait	特徴	Patience is an important trait for a good teacher.
trajectory	軌道、弾道	The ball followed a high trajectory over the fence.
trans	トランスジェンダーの	The club is a safe space for trans students.
transaction	取引	The bank sent a receipt for every transaction.
transcribe	書き起こす	She had to transcribe the whole interview by hand.
transcription	書き起こし、転写	The transcription of the interview took two hours.
transformation	変化、変容	The old warehouse underwent a stunning transformation.
translation	翻訳	The English translation of the novel took two years.
transmission	伝送	The disease spreads through airborne transmission.
transmit	送信する	The satellite can transmit data across the entire globe.
transparency	透明性	The company promised more transparency about its costs.
transplant	移植	He is waiting for a heart transplant.
trauma	トラウマ、心的外傷	The accident left him with lasting emotional trauma.
treaty	条約	The two nations signed a peace treaty after years of war.
tremendous	非常に大きい、素晴らしい	The charity raised a tremendous amount of money this year.
triangle	三角形	The teacher drew a triangle on the whiteboard.
tribe	部族	The documentary follows a remote tribe in the Amazon.
tricky	厄介な	Parking downtown can be tricky during rush hour.
trivial	ささいな	They argued over something trivial like whose turn it was.
tropical	熱帯の	They vacationed on a tropical island last winter.
tumor	腫瘍	Doctors found a small tumor during the scan.
turbulent	激動の	The country went through a turbulent period after the election.
tutor	家庭教師	She hired a math tutor to help her prepare for exams.
ultimate	究極の	Winning the championship was his ultimate goal this year.
undergraduate	学部生	She spent four years as an undergraduate studying biology.
undermine	弱める、損なう	Constant criticism undermined her confidence.
underneath	の下に	The cat was hiding underneath the table during the storm.
unemployed	失業した	Many workers became unemployed after the factory closed down.
unify	統一する	The new leader tried to unify the divided political parties.
unintelligible	理解できない	His voice on the phone was almost unintelligible.
unity	統一、団結	The speech called for unity among the workers.
unstable	不安定な	The old ladder felt unstable on the wet ground.
uplift	高める、元気づける	Her kind words seemed to uplift the whole team.
upward	上向きの	The company reported an upward trend in sales this quarter.
urine	尿	The nurse tested a sample of his urine.
usage	使用法、用法	Water usage tends to increase significantly during hot summer months.
utility	有用性、公共事業	The company praised the tool's utility for small businesses.
utilize	利用する、活用する	The team decided to utilize solar panels for the new office.
utterance	発話	Every utterance in the recording was written down.
vague	曖昧な	His answer was too vague to give us any real information.
valid	有効な	Your passport must remain valid for six more months.
validity	有効性、妥当性	The judge questioned the validity of the contract.
valve	弁、バルブ	Turn the valve to stop the water.
variability	変動性	The variability of the weather makes planning hard.
variance	差異	There was a small variance between the two results.
variant	変種、変異型	This variant of the virus spreads more quickly.
vector	ベクトル	The arrow on the chart shows the wind vector.
vegetation	植生	Thick vegetation covered the sides of the mountain.
vein	静脈	The nurse found a vein easily to draw his blood.
velocity	速度	The ball left the bat at high velocity.
verbal	口頭の	They reached a verbal agreement before signing the contract.
vertical	垂直の	The cliff face rises in a nearly vertical line.
viable	実行可能な	The plan is only viable if we find more money.
virtue	美徳	Patience is considered a virtue in most cultures.
vitamin	ビタミン	Oranges are an excellent source of vitamin C.
vocabulary	語彙	Reading books helps you learn new vocabulary.
volition	意志	She left the company of her own volition.
vowel	母音	Every syllable in English usually contains at least one vowel.
watershed	分水嶺、転換点	The new drug was a watershed in cancer treatment.
wavelength	波長	Red light has a longer wavelength than blue light.
weave	織り方	The scarf had a tight weave that kept out the cold.
wheat	小麦	Farmers harvested the golden wheat before the autumn rains.
whereby	それによって	They agreed on a plan whereby each side pays half.
whichever	どちらでも	Take whichever seat you prefer near the window.
whoever	誰でも	Whoever finishes first will receive a small prize.
widespread	広範囲の	The disease caused widespread panic across the entire region.
wisdom	知恵	Her grandmother is known for her wisdom.
workshop	工房、研修会	He fixed the bike in his small workshop behind the house.
yeast	酵母、イースト	Add yeast to the flour to make the bread rise.