9-letter English words
Every 9-letter word in the VocaFlare vocabulary, grouped by first letter with its meaning. Tap a word for its example sentence and CEFR level.
A
- abandonedleft alone or deserted
- abhorrentcausing intense hatred or disgust
- aborigineoriginal native inhabitant, esp. Australian
- abundancea very large quantity
- accessoryextra item added to something
- accompanygo with someone, escort
- acousticsthe science of sound, or a room's sound quality
- acrobaticshowing impressive gymnastic skill
- adaptableable to adjust to new conditions easily
- addictionthe state of being unable to stop
- addresseeperson a letter is sent to
- adjectivea word that describes a noun
- adjoiningnext to and connected
- admirabledeserving respect and approval
- admissionentry permission, or a confession
- adornmenta decoration or ornament
- advantagesomething that helps you succeed
- adventurean exciting or unusual experience
- adverbialfunctioning as or relating to an adverb
- adversaryan opponent or enemy
- adverselyin a harmful or negative way
- adversitya difficult or unfortunate situation
- advertisepromote a product publicly
- aestheticrelating to beauty or artistic taste
- affectiongentle feeling of fondness or love
- afternoonthe time between noon and evening
- afterwardlater, after that
- agreeablepleasant, or willing to agree
- agreementmutual arrangement or contract
- aimlesslywithout any clear purpose
- alcoholiccontaining alcohol
- alignmentthe arrangement in a line or agreement
- alleviatemake suffering or a problem less severe
- allotmentan allocated share, or a garden plot
- allowancesum of money given regularly
- alongsidenext to or together with something
- alternateto switch back and forth between things
- amazementa feeling of great surprise
- amazinglyin a surprising or remarkable way
- ambiguitythe quality of having more than one meaning
- ambiguoushaving more than one possible meaning
- ambitioushaving a strong desire to succeed
- ambulancevehicle for transporting the injured or sick
- amorphouslacking a clear shape or structure
- amplifiera device that makes sound louder
- amusementthe feeling of enjoyment or fun
- anchoragea place where ships can anchor safely
- anchormana man who presents a news broadcast
- animationtechnique of making moving images
- annoyancefeeling of slight anger
- anonymitythe state of being unidentified
- anonymouswith a name that is not known or given
- anthologya collection of selected literary works
- antiquitythe ancient past, or great age
- antivirussoftware that protects a computer from viruses
- anxiouslyin a worried, nervous way
- apartmenta set of rooms to live in
- apologizeto say sorry for a mistake
- appallingshocking and very bad
- appliancea device for household use
- applicanta person who formally applies for something
- apprehendto arrest, or to understand
- archetypean original or typical example of a type
- architectperson who designs buildings
- arduouslywith great effort and difficulty
- assertiona confident statement of fact or belief
- assistanthelping the main person in a role
- associateconnect in mind, or spend time with
- assurancea confident promise or statement
- astronauta person who travels in space
- astronomythe scientific study of stars and planets
- athleticssports involving running, jumping, and throwing
- attentioncareful thought or focus on something
- attentivepaying close attention to someone or something
- attributea quality that is part of someone or something
- attritiona gradual reduction through wear or loss
- auberginea purple vegetable, also called eggplant
- austerelyin a severely plain or strict way
- austerityextreme plainness, or strict economic cutbacks
- authoritypower to give orders, or official body
- authorizeto give official permission for something
- automaticworking by itself, without a person
- autopilotan automatic vehicle control system
- auxiliaryproviding extra support, helping
- availableable to be used or obtained
- awarenessknowledge of a situation or fact
- axiomaticself-evident, not requiring proof
B
- badmintona sport played with rackets and a shuttlecock
- barometeran instrument that measures air pressure
- bartendera person who serves drinks at a bar
- basicallyused to say the main point simply
- bathhousea public building with baths or showers
- beautifulvery pretty, pleasing to look at
- beginningthe start or first part of something
- beguilingcharming in a deceptive way
- bilingualable to speak two languages fluently
- billiardsa game played with balls and cues on a table
- biographywritten account of someone's life
- blanknessthe state of being empty or expressionless
- blindnessthe condition of being unable to see
- bookshelfa shelf for keeping books on
- bookstorea shop that sells books
- boyfrienda man someone is dating
- brainwashforce someone to accept certain beliefs
- breakableable to break easily
- breakdowna failure of a machine or system, or a detailed analysis
- breakfastthe first meal of the day
- brilliantextremely clever, skillful, or bright
- brimstonesulfur, especially in religious imagery
- broadbanda high speed internet connection
- broadcasta radio or television transmission
- buccaneerto act recklessly like a pirate
- butterflyan insect with large colorful wings
C
- cafeteriaa place selling simple meals
- calculatework out a number using math
- callouslyin a way showing no concern for others
- calorificrelating to the heat or energy content
- candidatea person seeking a job or election
- capacioushaving a lot of space inside, roomy
- carbonizeto convert into carbon by burning
- cardboardthick, stiff paper used for boxes
- carefullyin a way that pays close attention
- carpentersomeone who builds things from wood
- carpentrythe skill or work of building with wood
- cashpointmachine that dispenses cash
- cathedrala large, important church
- ceaselessnever stopping, continuous
- celebrateto do something special for an event
- celebrityfamous or well-known person
- certainlywithout any doubt, definitely
- certaintystate of being sure
- cessationthe stopping of an action or process
- challengea difficult task that tests your skill
- champagnea French sparkling wine
- charactera person in a book, movie, or story
- chemistryscience of substances and reactions
- cherishedloved and valued deeply
- childhoodthe time when a person is a child
- chiselledhaving sharply defined, attractive features
- chocolatea sweet brown food made from cocoa
- Christianrelating to Christianity
- chrysalisthe hard casing of a moth or butterfly pupa
- cigarettea thin roll of tobacco for smoking
- circuitrya system of electronic circuits
- circulatemove around continuously, or spread
- classicaltraditional, relating to ancient culture or old music
- classmatea student in the same class as you
- classrooma room where lessons are taught
- clearnessthe quality of being clear
- climacticrelating to the most intense, exciting point
- closenessthe quality of being near or intimate
- coalitiona temporary alliance between groups
- coastlinethe outline of a coast
- cognitiverelating to mental processes of thinking
- coherencethe quality of being logical and consistent
- colleaguea person one works with
- collectora person who collects things as a hobby
- columnistwriter of a regular newspaper column
- commandera person in charge of a military force
- committeea group chosen to make decisions
- commoditya raw material or product that can be traded
- communitypeople living together in the same area
- companionperson who accompanies another
- competenthaving the skill to do something well
- complainta statement that something is wrong
- compliantobeying rules or willing to comply
- componenta part of a larger whole
- concernedworried about something
- conditionthe state something is in
- conductora person who leads an orchestra
- confidentsure of yourself and your abilities
- confusingdifficult to understand, unclear
- confusionstate of being unclear or bewildered
- consciousawake and aware
- consensusgeneral agreement among a group
- consonantspeech sound other than a vowel
- constructbuild or make something
- contagionthe spreading of disease by contact
- containera box or object for holding things
- contesteddisputed or argued over
- continentone of the earth's large landmasses
- continualhappening often or repeatedly
- convincedcompletely certain about something
- cooperateto work together toward a shared goal
- copyrightlegal right to control creative work
- corporaterelating to a large company
- correctlyin a right or accurate way
- correlatesomething related to another thing
- countlesstoo many to count
- courgettelong green vegetable, zucchini
- craftsmana skilled worker who makes things by hand
- cripplingcausing severe damage or weakness
- criticismthe expression of disapproval or judgment
- criticizeto say that something is wrong or bad
- crocodilea large reptile with a long snout
- cultivateprepare land and grow crops
- curiositystrong desire to know or learn
- curiouslyin a curious or strange way
- currentlyat the present time
- customaryusual or traditional in given circumstances
- cybercafea cafe offering internet access
- cynicallyin a distrustful, sneering manner
D
- dandeliona common yellow wildflower
- dangerouslikely to cause harm or injury
- deceptivegiving a false or misleading impression
- deductiona conclusion by reasoning, or amount subtracted
- deficientlacking a necessary quality or element
- degradingcausing loss of dignity or respect
- delicioushaving a very good taste
- delightedvery pleased and happy
- demandingrequiring a lot of effort or attention
- democracygovernment elected by the people
- demystifyto make something less confusing
- departureact of leaving a place
- dependentrelying on someone or something else
- depictiona representation in a picture or words
- depravitymoral corruption or wickedness
- deprecateto disapprove of, or declare obsolete
- depressedvery sad, or suffering from depression
- desertionthe act of abandoning someone or duty
- desirableworth having, attractive
- desperatefeeling extreme need or hopelessness
- detectiveperson who investigates crimes
- determinefind out or decide something exactly
- deterrentsomething that discourages an action
- detrimentharm or damage caused
- devastatedestroy completely, or severely upset
- developedadvanced in industry and technology
- deviantlyin a way departing from accepted norms
- differentnot the same as another thing
- difficulthard to do or understand
- diligencecareful and steady effort at a task
- dimensiona measurable extent, such as length or width
- directionthe way something moves or faces
- disappearto stop being visible, to vanish
- dischargean official release, or emission of a substance
- discoursewritten or spoken communication on a topic
- discoveryact of finding something for the first time
- discreditto damage the reputation of someone
- dishonestnot honest, willing to lie or cheat
- disparageto speak critically and dismissively of
- dispersalthe spreading of something over an area
- disregarda lack of respect or consideration
- dissembleto conceal one's true feelings or intentions
- dissidenta person who opposes official policy
- divergentdiffering from each other or from a standard
- diversionsomething that distracts, or an alternate route
- diversitya range of different types or people
- dormitorya building with many bedrooms for students
- dramatista writer of plays
- drinkablesafe or fit to drink
- drugstorea shop that sells medicine
- dubiouslyin a way showing doubt or suspicion
- duplicatean exact copy of something
- dutifullyin a way that does one's duty
E
- eagernessstrong enthusiasm or desire
- easygoingrelaxed and not easily worried or annoyed
- eccentricunconventional and slightly strange
- ecologista scientist who studies organisms and environment
- economicsstudy of production, trade, and wealth
- economistan expert in economics
- economizespend or use less, save resources
- ecosystemcommunity of living things and their environment
- editoriala newspaper article giving opinion
- educationthe process of teaching and learning
- effectiveproducing the result that is intended
- efficientworking well without wasting time or resources
- elaboratevery detailed and complicated
- electrodea conductor carrying electric current
- elegantlyin a graceful, stylish manner
- elementalbasic and fundamental in nature
- elevationheight above sea level
- eliminateremove or get rid of something completely
- eloquencefluent and persuasive speaking or writing
- elsewherein or to another place
- embarrasscause someone to feel ashamed or awkward
- emergencethe process of coming into existence
- emergencya sudden, serious situation needing quick action
- emolumenta salary or fee from employment
- emotionalrelating to emotions, or showing strong feeling
- emphasizegive special importance to something
- emulationan effort to imitate and equal
- encompassinclude comprehensively, surround
- encounterunexpected or chance meeting
- encourageto give someone confidence or support
- endlesslywithout ending, continuously
- endurancethe ability to withstand hardship
- energeticfull of energy and enthusiasm
- enjoyablegiving pleasure or enjoyment
- enjoymentpleasure or satisfaction from doing something
- entertainamuse or interest people
- ephemerallasting for a very short time
- equipmenttools or items needed for a particular purpose
- escalatora moving staircase that carries people between floors
- essentialabsolutely necessary
- establishto start or set up something official
- estimatedroughly calculated or approximated
- eternallyforever, without end
- ethicallyin a way that is morally right
- euphemisma mild substitute for a harsh word
- everybodyevery person
- evidentlyclearly, as can be seen
- evokinglyin a way that calls up feelings or images
- evolutiongradual development over time
- exactnessprecision, freedom from error
- exaltedlyin a highly elevated or exalted manner
- excellentextremely good
- exceptionsomething excluded from a general rule
- excessivemore than necessary or reasonable
- excitedlyin an excited or eager way
- exclusionthe act of leaving something out
- exclusivelimited to a particular group, or not shared
- excursiona short trip for pleasure
- executionthe carrying out of a plan
- executiverelating to management or high-level decisions
- exhaustedextremely tired
- existencestate of being real or living
- expansionact of becoming larger
- expensivecosting a lot of money
- explosionsudden violent burst, often with a loud noise
- explosiveable to explode, or highly volatile
- exquisiteextremely beautiful or finely made
- extensionpart added to make something longer
- extensivecovering a large area or amount
- extortiongetting something through threats or force
- extremelyto a very great degree
- exuberantfull of energy and enthusiasm
F
- fabricateinvent falsely, or manufacture
- facsimilean exact copy of a document
- fantasticexcellent, wonderful
- fascinateattract and interest someone greatly
- favorableshowing approval, or advantageous
- favorablyin a positive or approving way
- ferocioussavagely fierce or violent
- ferryboatboat that carries passengers regularly
- fictionalinvented, not real; from fiction
- financialrelating to money
- fireplacestructure for a fire indoors
- fishermana person who catches fish for a living
- flashbacka scene showing an earlier time
- fluctuaterise and fall irregularly
- followingcoming right after this one
- foolishlyin a silly or unwise way
- forbiddennot allowed by rule or law
- foreignera person from another country
- forlornlyin a sad, abandoned manner
- formalitya formal procedure required by custom
- formationprocess of forming, or an arrangement
- formulateto create or devise something carefully
- fortnightperiod of two weeks
- fortunatelucky, having good fortune
- fractiousirritable and hard to control
- fragrancepleasant, sweet smell
- frequencyhow often something happens
- furiouslyin an extremely angry manner
- furnituremovable items like tables and chairs in a home
G
- gardeningactivity of growing plants
- generallyin most cases, usually
- gentlemanpolite or respectable man
- genuinelyin a real, honest way
- geographystudy of the earth's surface
- glamorousattractive in an exciting, luxurious way
- graduallyslowly, over a period of time
- gratitudefeeling of being thankful
- gravitatemove toward something naturally
- greatnessquality of being truly excellent
- grievancea formal complaint about unfair treatment
- gruellingextremely tiring and demanding
- guaranteeformal promise something will happen
- guerrillamember of an irregular fighting force
- guidebooka book with information for travelers
- guidelinerule or piece of advice for a task
- guitaristperson who plays the guitar
- gushinglywith excessive enthusiasm or emotion
- gymnasticrelating to physical exercises of gymnastics
H
- hairdryerdevice that dries hair with air
- hamburgera sandwich with a meat patty
- handshakeact of shaking hands as a greeting
- haphazardlacking order, done randomly
- happinessthe feeling of being happy
- haughtilyin an arrogant, disdainful manner
- hazardousdangerous, risky to health or safety
- headphonea device you wear to hear sound
- hibernateto sleep through winter in a dormant state
- highlightdraw attention to something important
- hilariousextremely funny
- hindrancesomething that obstructs progress
- hindsightunderstanding gained only after the fact
- historianperson who studies history
- holocaustmass destruction or slaughter
- homesteada house and its surrounding farmland
- honeymoonholiday taken after a wedding
- honorabledeserving respect, acting with honor
- hopefullyit is hoped that
- hostilityunfriendly, antagonistic feeling or behavior
- householdpeople living together in one home
- housewifewoman who manages her home full time
- houseworkcleaning and tasks done at home
- humiliateto make someone feel ashamed
- hurriedlyin a fast, rushed way
- hyperboleexaggerated statement not meant literally
- hypocrisypretending to hold standards you do not
- hypocritea person who acts against stated beliefs
I
- identicalexactly the same in every detail
- idiomaticusing natural, native-sounding expressions
- ignorancelack of knowledge or information
- illegallyin a way that breaks the law
- imaginaryexisting only in the mind
- imitationa copy of something else, not genuine
- immediatehappening right away
- immenselyto a very great extent
- immigranta person who moves to another country to live
- immigratemove permanently to another country
- impartialnot favoring one side over another, fair
- impatientnot willing to wait calmly
- implementa tool or instrument used for a task
- implicateto show someone is involved in wrongdoing
- importanthaving great value or meaning
- impressedfeeling admiration because of something excellent
- impulsiveacting suddenly without thinking of consequences
- inanimatenot alive, not having life
- incentivesomething that encourages a person to act
- incipientbeginning to develop or appear
- includingas one part of the whole
- inclusionthe act of including someone or something
- inclusiveincluding everyone, excluding no group
- incorrectnot accurate or right
- incumbentthe current holder of an office
- incurablenot able to be cured or fixed
- indignantangry about something seen as unfair
- indignitytreatment that causes shame or a loss of respect
- indolencelaziness, avoidance of effort
- inductiona formal introduction into a role
- indulgentallowing oneself or others too much pleasure
- infectionillness caused by bacteria or viruses
- inferencea conclusion reached from evidence or reasoning
- inflationa general rise in prices over time
- influencethe power to affect someone
- influenzaa contagious viral illness, the flu
- informanta person who provides information, often secretly
- ingeniouscleverly inventive and original
- ingenuitythe quality of being cleverly inventive
- ingenuousinnocent, artless, and trusting
- initiallyat the beginning, at first
- injectiona shot of liquid put into the body
- injusticeunfair treatment; a lack of fairness
- innermostclosest to the center or inside
- innovatorperson who introduces new ideas or methods
- inspectoran official who checks that rules are followed
- instantlyimmediately, without any delay
- instituteorganization for education or research
- insuranceprotection against loss, paid by fees
- integrateto combine parts into a working whole
- intellectthe capacity for rational thought
- intensivethorough and concentrated in a short time
- intentionplan or purpose in mind
- interfereto get involved in something without invitation
- interjectto interrupt a conversation with a remark
- interludea pause or interval between events
- interpretto explain the meaning of something
- interruptto stop someone speaking or something happening
- interviewa meeting to ask someone questions
- intrinsicbelonging naturally, essential to something
- introducepresent someone by name, first time
- intrusionan unwelcome entry into a place or situation
- intuitionthe ability to understand something instinctively
- intuitivebased on instinct; easy to understand
- inventionsomething created for the first time
- invisiblenot able to be seen
- irregularnot following the usual pattern or rule
- irritatedfeeling annoyed or slightly angry
- isolationstate of being alone or separated
- italicizeto print text in slanted italic letters
- itinerarya planned route or schedule for travel
J
- jealouslyin a way that shows resentful envy
K
L
- landscapethe natural scenery of an area
- landslidea mass of earth sliding down a slope
- lassitudea state of weariness and lack of energy
- latecomerperson who arrives late
- laudatoryexpressing praise or admiration
- leaveninga substance that makes dough rise
- legendaryfamous for a long time, or from legend
- legislateto make laws
- leisurelyin a relaxed and unhurried way
- lethargiclacking energy; sluggish
- librarianperson who works in a library
- lifeguardperson who watches swimmers for safety
- lifestylethe way a person lives
- lightningbright flash of light in a storm
- limitlesswithout limits; boundless
- literallyin the exact meaning of the words
- lucrativeproducing a large amount of profit
- ludicrousabsurd; obviously unreasonable
- lunchtimethe time when people eat lunch
- luxuriousextremely comfortable and expensive
- lyricallyin a beautifully expressive, song-like way
M
- maelstroma powerful whirlpool, or great turmoil
- magnetismmagnetic force, or personal charm
- maliciousintending to do harm
- malleableeasily shaped or influenced
- marketingpromoting and selling products or services
- marvelouswonderful, causing great admiration
- mausoleuma large tomb, often for someone important
- meanwhileat the same time, in the period between
- mechanisma system of parts working together
- mechanizeto make a process use machines
- mediationthe process of helping resolve a dispute
- melodiouspleasant sounding, tuneful
- memorableworth remembering, easily remembered
- mercenarya soldier hired to fight for pay
- messengera person who carries messages
- microwavean appliance that heats food with radiation
- midwiferythe profession of assisting childbirth
- migrationmovement of people or animals to a new place
- minefielda situation full of hidden dangers
- miniaturevery small, a tiny version of something
- miserablevery unhappy or uncomfortable
- modernisman early twentieth century movement rejecting tradition
- modernizeto make something more modern or up to date
- momentarylasting for only a moment
- monasterya building where monks live and pray
- moonlightlight from the moon
- moonscapea landscape resembling the surface of the moon
- motivatedhaving a strong reason or desire to act
- motorbikea two wheeled motor vehicle, motorcycle
- mundanitythe quality of being ordinary and dull
- mythologya collection of traditional myths
N
- narrativein the form of a story
- naturallyin a natural or expected manner
- necessaryneeded in order to do something
- necessitysomething that is essential or required
- negligentcareless, failing to take proper care
- negotiatediscuss to reach an agreement
- nervouslyin a way showing anxiety or fear
- newspaperpaper with news printed on it
- nightcluba place open at night for music and dancing
- nightlifeentertainment available at night
- nightmarea frightening dream, or a very bad experience
- nocturnalactive at night
- northeastrelating to the direction between north and east
- northwardtoward the north
- northwestrelating to the direction between north and west
- nostalgiaa sentimental longing for the past
- nostalgicfeeling a sentimental longing for the past
- notorietyfame for something bad or unpleasant
- notoriousfamous for something bad
- numericalrelating to or expressed as numbers
- nutritionprocess of getting food for health
O
- obediencewillingness to follow orders or rules
- objectionexpression of disapproval
- objectivegoal you are trying to achieve
- obscurelyin an unclear or little known way
- obsessionan idea that dominates a person's thoughts
- obsessiveshowing an excessive, uncontrollable focus
- obviouslyclearly; as is easily seen
- offensivecausing anger or offense
- offspringa person's child or an animal's young
- operationa planned activity, or a surgery
- opulentlyin a rich, luxurious way
- orchestralarge group of musicians playing together
- organizedarranged in a neat, careful way
- organizera person who arranges or plans an event
- originateto begin or come from a particular source
- otherwisein a different way; or else
- ourselvesthe reflexive form of we
- outskirtsthe outer parts of a town or city
- outwardlyin appearance, as seen from the outside
- overboardoff a boat and into the water
- overdraftmoney owed after withdrawing beyond an account balance
- overjoyedextremely happy
- overnightlasting or happening during one night
- overthrowto remove a leader or government by force
- overwhelmaffect someone very strongly
P
- palatablepleasant to taste; acceptable
- panoramicoffering a wide, unbroken view
- paperlessusing digital files instead of paper
- paperworkdocuments and written record keeping
- parachuteequipment for jumping safely from a plane
- paragrapha short section of writing
- paralysisthe loss of ability to move a body part
- paramedica trained emergency medical worker
- parametera factor that defines the limits of something
- paramountmore important than anything else
- parasiticliving off another organism at its expense
- parochialnarrow in scope or outlook
- passengersomeone traveling in a vehicle
- patientlywithout complaining while waiting
- patrioticshowing love and support for one's country
- patronizeto treat condescendingly; to be a regular customer of
- penduloushanging loosely and swinging
- penetratepass into or through something
- penfrienda friend you write letters to
- peninsulaland almost surrounded by water
- pennilesshaving no money at all
- perfectlyin a perfect way, completely
- performerperson who performs for an audience
- permanentlasting forever or for a long time
- persecuteto treat cruelly for beliefs or identity
- personifyrepresent a quality as a person, or embody it
- personnelpeople employed in an organization
- pertinentrelevant to the matter at hand
- pervasivespreading widely throughout something
- pessimistperson who expects the worst outcome
- petrifiedextremely frightened
- photocopya copy made by a machine
- physicianmedical doctor
- pineappletropical fruit with spiky skin
- plausibleseeming reasonable or believable
- plausiblyin a believable, reasonable way
- plutocrata wealthy person who has power through wealth
- pneumonialung infection causing fever and coughing
- pointlesshaving no purpose or meaning
- poisonouscontaining poison; harmful if consumed
- policemana male police officer
- politicalrelating to government or politics
- pollutantsubstance that damages the environment
- pollutiondirty air, water, or land
- ponderousslow and clumsy; dull and labored in style
- portrayala depiction of someone or something
- possessedcontrolled by a strong feeling or spirit
- possessora person who owns or holds something
- posterityfuture generations
- posturingbehavior meant to impress or mislead
- potentialcapacity for future development
- practicaluseful and sensible; realistic
- preciselyexactly and accurately
- precisionexactness and accuracy
- predicatebase or found something on a condition
- predictorsomething that indicates what will happen
- prejudiceunfair opinion formed without reason
- preoccupyfill someone's mind so much they can't think of other things
- preschoolfor children before school age
- prescriberecommend a medicine or course of treatment
- presenterperson who introduces or hosts a show
- presidenthead of a country or organization
- pricelessextremely valuable, beyond any price
- primarilymainly; for the most part
- primitivesimple; from an early stage
- principalmost important, main
- principlea basic rule or belief
- privatelyin a way not open to the public
- privilegespecial right or advantage available to few
- procedurean established way of doing something
- professorsenior university teacher
- promenadea paved public walkway, especially by the sea
- prominentimportant and well known
- promotionadvancement in rank, or publicity
- pronounceto say a word's sounds correctly
- propheticaccurately predicting future events
- proponentperson who supports an idea or cause
- proscribeto forbid something, especially by law
- prosecutebring legal charges against someone in court
- prostrateto lie face down, often in submission
- provisionact of supplying something, or a condition in an agreement
- proximitynearness in space or time
- prurienceexcessive interest in sexual matters
- publicitypublic attention or promotion given to something
- publicizebring something to public attention
- publishera company that produces books
Q
R
- radiationenergy given off as particles or waves
- radicallyin a fundamental or extreme way
- rainstormstorm with heavy rain
- rapturousshowing intense pleasure or enthusiasm
- raspberrya small red or purple berry
- raunchilyin a crude, sexually explicit way
- realisticseeing things as they really are
- rearrangechange the order or position of things
- receptionthe desk where visitors are welcomed
- recessionperiod of economic decline
- recessiverelating to a gene masked by a dominant one
- reclusivepreferring to live alone and avoid others
- recognizeknow someone or something you've seen before
- recollectremember something from the past
- recommendsuggest something as good or suitable
- reconcileto restore friendly relations; to make compatible
- recordingsound or video saved for later
- recumbentlying down
- recyclingturning waste into reusable material
- reductiona decrease in size or amount
- redundantno longer needed, or unnecessarily repeated
- referencemention of something, or a source consulted for information
- refurbishto clean, repair, and improve something old
- regardingabout or concerning something
- regularlyat fixed times, often
- rehearsala practice session before a performance
- reinforcemake something stronger or more solid
- rejectionthe act of refusing or turning down
- religiousrelating to religion or faith
- reluctantunwilling and hesitant to do something
- remainderthe part that is left over
- remainingstill left after the rest is used
- reminisceto talk about pleasant past events
- renderinga version or artistic representation of something
- repellanta substance that repels something
- repertorya stock of regularly performed works
- representto speak or act for others
- reproduceproduce offspring, or copy something exactly
- reptilianrelating to or resembling a reptile
- residencea house or place where someone lives
- resilientable to recover quickly from difficulty
- respectedadmired and highly regarded by others
- retentionthe ability to keep or hold onto something
- revealingshowing information that was hidden
- reverencedeep respect or admiration for something
- revulsiona strong feeling of disgust
- rudimentsthe basic principles of a subject
S
- sacrificegiving up something valuable for a greater purpose
- safeguardsomething that protects against harm
- salvationbeing saved from harm or ruin
- sandstonea rock formed mainly from grains of sand
- sarcasticusing mocking, ironic remarks
- satellitean object that orbits a planet
- satisfiedpleased because a need is met
- scavengeran animal or person that searches through discarded matter
- scheduledplanned to happen at a specific time
- scholarlyrelating to serious academic study
- scientista person who studies science
- sculpturea work of art carved or shaped
- secondaryless important, or coming after the first
- secretarya person who handles office work
- secularlyin a non-religious way
- sedentaryinvolving little exercise, mostly sitting
- selectiona range of things to choose from
- semicolonthe punctuation mark used as ;
- sensationa physical feeling, or great excitement
- sensitiveeasily affected, or emotionally quick to react
- sentimenta feeling or opinion
- Septemberthe ninth month of the year
- seriouslyin a serious way, not jokingly
- seventeenthe number 17
- shipwrecka ship destroyed at sea, or its wreckage
- shortlistto put on a final list of candidates
- shortnessthe state of being short, or brevity
- signaturea person's name written by hand
- similarlyin a similar way
- sinceritythe quality of being genuine and honest
- situationthe circumstances at a certain time
- slaughterthe killing of animals for food, or massacre
- sleeplessunable to sleep
- snowboardboard used to glide over snow
- snowstormstorm with heavy snow and strong wind
- socializeinteract with others in a friendly, casual way
- soliloquya speech a character gives alone on stage
- solipsismthe belief that only one's own mind can be known to exist
- someplacein or to some unspecified place
- somethingan unnamed thing
- sometimeson some occasions, not always
- somewherein or to an unknown place
- sophomorestudent in their second year
- southeastrelating to the direction between south and east
- southwardtoward the south direction
- southwestrelating to the direction between south and west
- spaceshipa vehicle that travels in space
- spaghettilong thin pasta
- sparklingshining with small flashes of light, or fizzy
- spatiallyin terms of space or position
- speciallyfor a particular purpose
- specialtya particular skill, or a signature dish
- spectaclea visually striking public display or event
- spectatorperson who watches an event
- speculateto guess without complete evidence
- spiritualrelating to the soul, not physical things
- spokesmana man speaking on behalf of a group
- stabilitythe state of being steady and unchanging
- stabilizeto make or become steady and unchanging
- startlingvery surprising, causing shock
- statementsomething said or written officially
- statesmanan experienced and respected political leader
- statewideacross an entire state
- sterilityinability to produce offspring or ideas
- stimulanta substance that increases activity in the body
- stimulateto encourage activity or growth
- stipulatespecify as a required condition
- stockpilea large stored supply for future use
- stoneworkparts of a building made of stone
- stopwatcha watch used to time events precisely
- strangelyin an odd or unusual way
- strappingbig, strong, and healthy looking
- strategiccarefully planned to achieve a goal
- stressfulcausing mental or emotional strain
- stringentstrict and rigorously enforced
- structurethe way something is built or arranged
- stylisticrelating to style, especially in art
- submarineship that can travel underwater
- subsidizesupport financially, often with public funds
- substancea particular type of matter or material
- succulenta plant with thick, water storing leaves
- sufferingthe state of experiencing pain or hardship
- sulphuriccontaining or relating to sulphur
- summarilyimmediately and without formal process
- summarizeto give a brief statement of main points
- sunflowera tall plant with a yellow flower
- superstara very famous and successful performer
- superviseto watch over and direct an activity
- supporterperson who supports a cause or team
- surprisedfeeling a sense of surprise
- surrenderto stop resisting and give up
- suspiciona feeling that something is wrong, without proof
- synthesiscombination of elements into a coherent whole
- syntheticmade artificially, not by nature
T
- tactfullyin a sensitive, diplomatic way
- talkativetending to talk a great deal
- tantalizetease by showing something desirable but unattainable
- tastelesslacking flavor, or showing poor judgment
- technicalrelating to a particular skill, craft, or field
- techniquea particular way of doing something skillfully
- tediouslyin a long, boring way
- telephonea device used to talk to someone far away
- telescopean instrument for viewing distant objects
- temperatehaving mild temperatures, moderate in behavior
- temporarylasting for a limited time
- tenaciousholding firmly to a purpose, persistent
- terrifiedextremely frightened
- territoryan area of land under someone's control
- terrorismuse of violence to achieve political goals
- terroristrelating to terrorism or terrorists
- testamentclear evidence or proof of a quality
- testimonya formal statement given as evidence
- therapista professional who treats physical or mental conditions
- thereforefor that reason, as a result
- thicknessthe extent of something from side to side
- thrillingextremely exciting and enjoyable
- tightropea tightly stretched rope for acrobats
- timetablea plan showing when things happen
- tirednessthe state of feeling in need of rest
- toothachepain in a tooth
- torturousextremely painful, unpleasant, or difficult
- toughnessthe quality of being strong and hard to break
- tracksuitloose outfit worn for sports or exercise
- traditiona custom passed down through generations
- transformto change completely in form or appearance
- transientlasting only for a short time
- translateto change words from one language into another
- transportthe movement of people or goods
- traumaticcausing deep distress or disturbance
- treacherybetrayal of trust, disloyalty
- treatmentmedical care, or the way someone is dealt with
- turbulentfull of sudden change, disorder, or unrest
- typicallyin a way that is usual or expected
U
- uncertainnot sure or certain
- unchangedremaining the same as before
- unclearlyin a confusing or unclear way
- undauntednot discouraged by difficulty or danger
- underlinea line drawn under a word
- undertaketo commit to and begin a task
- underwearclothing worn under other clothes
- undreamednot previously imagined, extraordinary
- undressednot wearing clothes
- unexcusednot officially permitted or justified
- unharriednot harassed, troubled, or hurried
- unhealthybad for your health
- unhelpfulnot useful or willing to help
- universalrelating to or shared by everyone
- unlimitedwithout limit or restriction
- unmusicallacking musical ability or pleasant sound
- unnaturalnot normal, expected, or artificial
- unnervingcausing anxiety or loss of confidence
- unpopularnot liked by many people
- unrelatednot connected to something else
- unselfishputting others' needs before one's own
- untangledno longer tangled or knotted
- untreatednot given medical or chemical treatment
- untrimmednot cut neat or shortened
- unusuallyin an unusual, notable way
- unwillingnot wanting to do something
- unworldlynot experienced in practical matters
V
- valentinea card or gift sent to a sweetheart
- vandalizedeliberately destroy or damage property
- variationa change or difference in amount or level
- vegetablea plant grown for food
- ventilateto supply a space with fresh air
- veritableused to emphasize something as truly so
- versatileable to adapt to many different uses
- vestigialremaining as a trace of something once larger
- vibrationa continuous rapid shaking movement
- viciouslyin a cruel, violent way
- viewpointa person's opinion or perspective
- vindicateclear someone of blame or justify a claim
- violentlyin a forceful, aggressive way
- virtuallyalmost entirely, or through virtual reality
- voluntarydone or given by choice, not forced
- volunteeroffer to do something freely
- voracioushaving a very great appetite for something
W
- waistcoata sleeveless garment worn over a shirt
- walkabouta casual public walk among crowds
- wallboarda manufactured board used to cover interior walls
- waterfallwater falling from a height
- wearisomecausing tiredness or boredom
- Wednesdaythe day after Tuesday
- whicheverany one, no matter which
- whirlwinda fast, hectic sequence of events
- willinglyin a way that shows readiness
- wistfullywith wishful, sad longing
- withdrawnquiet, unsociable, and keeping to oneself
- wonderfulvery good, nice, or great
- wordsmitha skilled user of words, especially a writer
- workbencha sturdy table for manual work
- workplacethe place where one works
- worktablea table used for working, especially manual tasks
- worldviewa particular way of viewing the world
- worldwidethroughout the whole world
- worthlesshaving no real value or purpose
Y
- yesterdayon the day before today
Z
- zoologista scientist who studies animals
Levels come from the CEFR-J Vocabulary Profile v1.5 by Yukio Tono, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies and the Octanove Vocabulary Profile C1/C2 by Octanove Labs, CC BY-SA 4.0 Meanings and example sentences are written by VocaFlare.
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